Sci Rep. 2017 Nov 6;7(1):14544. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-14983-9.
Extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields cause antioxidative defense mechanisms in human osteoblasts via induction of •O2- and H2O2.
Ehnert S1, Fentz AK2, Schreiner A3, Birk J3, Wilbrand B3, Ziegler P3, Reumann MK3, Wang H4, Falldorf K2, Nussler AK3.
Author information
1 Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076, Tübingen, Germany. sabrina.ehnert@med.uni-tuebingen.de. 2 Sachtleben GmbH, Hamburg, Spectrum UKE, Martinistraße 64, D-20251, Hamburg, Germany. 3 Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076, Tübingen, Germany. 4 Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Dadao 1277#, 430022, Wuhan, China.
Abstract
Recently, we identified a specific extremely low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (ELF-PEMF) that supports human osteoblast (hOBs) function in an ERK1/2-dependent manner, suggesting reactive oxygen species (ROS) being key regulators in this process. Thus, this study aimed at investigating how ELF-PEMF exposure can modulate hOBs function via ROS. Our results show that single exposure to ELF-PEMF induced ROS production in hOBs, without reducing intracellular glutathione. Repetitive exposure (>3) to ELF-PEMF however reduced ROS-levels, suggesting alterations in the cells antioxidative stress response. The main ROS induced by ELF-PEMF were •O2– and H2O2, therefore expression/activity of antioxidative enzymes related to these ROS were further investigated. ELF-PEMF exposure induced expression of GPX3, SOD2, CAT and GSR on mRNA, protein and enzyme activity level. Scavenging •O2– and H2O2 diminished the ELF-PEMF effect on hOBs function (AP activity and mineralization). Challenging the hOBs with low amounts of H2O2 on the other hand improved hOBs function. In summary, our data show that ELF-PEMF treatment favors differentiation of hOBs by producing non-toxic amounts of ROS, which induces antioxidative defense mechanisms in these cells. Thus, ELF-PEMF treatment might represent an interesting adjunct to conventional therapy supporting bone formation under oxidative stress conditions, e.g. during fracture healing. Med Pr. 2014;65(3):343-9.
Effect of extremely low frequency magnetic field on glutathione in rat muscles.
[Article in Polish] Ciejka E, Jakubowska E, Zelechowska P, Huk-Kolega H, Kowalczyk A, Goraca A.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Free radicals (FR) are atoms, molecules or their fragments. Their excess leads to the development of oxidizing stress, the cause of many neoplastic, neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases, and aging of the organism. Industrial pollution, tobacco smoke, ionizing radiation, ultrasound and magnetic field are the major FR exogenous sources. The low frequency magnetic field is still more commonly applied in the physical therapy. The aim of the presented study was to evaluate the effect of extremely low frequency magnetic field used in the magnetotherapy on the level of total glutathione, oxidized and reduced, and the redox state of the skeletal muscle cells, depending on the duration of exposure to magnetic field.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
The male rats, weight of 280-300 g, were randomly devided into 3 experimental groups: controls (group I) and treatment groups exposed to extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) (group II exposed to 40 Hz, 7 mT for 0.5 h/day for 14 days and group III exposed to 40 Hz, 7 mT for 1 h/day for 14 days). Control rats were kept in a separate room not exposed to extremely low frequency magnetic field. Immediately after the last exposure, part of muscles was taken under pentobarbital anesthesia. Total glutathione, oxidized and reduced, and the redox state in the muscle tissue of animals were determined after exposure to magnetic fields.
RESULTS:
Exposure to low magnetic field: 40 Hz, 7 mT for 30 min/day and 60 min/day for 2 weeks significantly increased the total glutathione levels in the skeletal muscle compared to the control group (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS:
Exposure to magnetic fields used in the magnetic therapy plays an important role in the development of adaptive mechanisms responsible for maintaining the oxidation-reduction balance in the body and depends on exposure duration.